Free Citation Guides

Cite Anything, in Any Style

Clear, no-jargon guides for every major citation style — with worked examples for books, journals and websites. The donkey did the reading so you don't have to.

💡

Not sure which style to use?

Your department sets it — check your assignment brief first. As a rule of thumb: psychology, education and social sciences use APA; literature and humanities use MLA or Chicago; UK business and many UK universities use Harvard; medicine and nursing use Vancouver; engineering and computer science use IEEE.

Citation Style Guides

📐
Style Guide
APA 7th Edition
Author–date in-text citations and the reference list, explained simply — plus what changed in the 7th edition and how to handle DOIs.
PsychologyEducationSocial Sciences
Read Guide →Popular
📚
Style Guide
MLA 9th Edition
The container model and the nine core elements — how to build a Works Cited entry for almost any source you'll meet.
LiteratureHumanitiesLanguages
Read Guide →
🎓
Style Guide
Harvard Referencing
Harvard is a family, not a single rulebook. Learn the common core and cite books, journals and websites with confidence.
UK UniversitiesBusiness
Read Guide →
🏛️
Style Guide
Chicago Style
Notes–Bibliography vs Author–Date, footnotes, ibid., and how to format a bibliography — both Chicago systems made clear.
HistoryArts
Read Guide →
🏥
Style Guide
Vancouver Style
Numbered citations, superscripts and reference-list order — the citation standard for medicine, nursing and the biomedical sciences.
MedicineNursing
Read Guide →
⚡
Style Guide
IEEE Citation Style
Bracketed numbers and a numbered reference list for engineering and computer science — papers, standards and conference proceedings covered.
EngineeringComputer Science
Read Guide →
⚖️
Style Guide
OSCOLA (Law)
The footnote standard for UK law — citing cases, legislation and secondary sources, with the distinctive no-full-stops style.
UK LawLegal Research
Read Guide →
📜
Style Guide
MHRA Style
Footnotes and a bibliography for modern languages and the arts — single quotes, "p./pp." page references and primary-text citation.
LanguagesLiterature
Read Guide →
🩺
Style Guide
AMA Style
Superscript numbered citations for medicine — citation order, the first-three-then-et-al author rule and PubMed journal abbreviations.
MedicineHealth Sciences
Read Guide →
📖
Style Guide
Turabian Style
Chicago for students — the same two systems, plus the title-page and front-matter guidance for theses and dissertations.
StudentsTheses
Read Guide →
🔤
Style Guide
APA In-Text Citations
A deep dive on APA in-text: parenthetical vs narrative, group authors, no author or date, quotes and secondary sources.
APAIn-Text
Read Guide →

By Source Type

📰
Source Type
Citing Journal Articles
The same article cited in six styles side by side — APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver and IEEE — plus DOIs and preprints.
All StylesDOI
Read Guide →
📚
Source Type
Citing Books
The same book in every style, plus chapters in edited books, editions, translations and e-books.
All StylesChapters
Read Guide →
🌐
Source Type
Citing Websites
Web pages across all styles — and how to handle no author, no date, access dates and pages that change or disappear.
All StylesNo author/date
Read Guide →
📑
Source Type
Citing Dissertations
Theses in every style — the degree, the institution, published vs unpublished, ProQuest and EThOS, and the wider grey literature.
All StylesProQuest/EThOS
Read Guide →

Integrity & Skills

🛡️
Integrity
How to Avoid Plagiarism
The types of plagiarism, how citation and paraphrasing prevent it, Turnitin similarity scores, AI and the habits that keep work your own.
PlagiarismTurnitinAI
Read Guide →

Citations eating your evening?

Hand the reference list to a subject-matched expert. We format every source correctly, in whatever style your institution requires.

Start My Essay →